Enter the initial investment as a positive cost paid now. Use one currency for investment, selling Price, and per-unit Cost. Each year's cash flow is (Price − Cost) × Volume, received at that year's end, for up to nine years. Blank or unparseable yearly entries are treated as zero. Include all applicable costs in your inputs; this page adds no taxes, financing or terminal sale proceeds automatically.
Interest or Inflation (%) is the annual discount rate r × 100. Use r above −100%. Populate copies Year 1 Price and Cost to Years 2–9; it does not copy Volume. Enter volumes separately.
NPV = −Investment + Σ Cash flowt ÷ (1 + r)t“Real ROI” (%) = NPV ÷ Investment × 100
This ROI is a discounted total return, not the usual undiscounted profit ratio or an annual rate. NPV is measured at today's date using your chosen discount rate; it represents inflation-adjusted value only if the rate and cash flows reflect that assumption.
IRR approximates the rate making NPV zero. The page scans −99% to 500% in 0.01 percentage-point steps and chooses the closest result; it does not confirm a root exists or detect multiple roots. Investment ratings use fixed rules based on NPV, IRR minus the entered rate and a hard-coded 2.2-point benchmark; they are not current market comparisons.
Rate = 5, Investment = 500, Year 1 Price = 60, Cost = 40, Volume = 30; leave Years 2–9 blank → cash flow = 600, NPV = 71.43, IRR ≈ 20.00%, Real ROI = 14.29%.
Calculator help v1.0